Many neurological disorders can be passed from parent to child. A genetic brain disorder is caused by a variation or a mutation in a gene. Genetic brain disorders affect the development and function of the brain. Some genetic brain disorders are due to random gene mutations or mutations caused by environmental exposure. Other disorders are inherited, which means that a mutated gene or group of genes is passed down through a family. They can also be due to a combination of both genetic changes and other outside factors.
Many people with genetic brain disorders fail to produce enough of certain proteins that influence brain development and function. These brain disorders can cause serious problems that affect the nervous system.
Some genetic disorders have treatments to control symptoms. Some are life-threatening. There are many different types of neurogenetic disorders. While these conditions are rooted in genetic changes, not all of them are inherited. Types of neurogenetic disorders include:
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Brain malformations
- Developmental delay
- Intellectual and cognitive disability
- Epilepsy and seizures
- Metabolic disorders
- Neurocutaneous disorders
- Neuromuscular disorders
- Pediatric stroke
- Neurodegenerative disorders
The symptoms of neurogenetic disorders vary widely, and while some symptoms get worse over time, other symptoms improve as children get older. While each disorder has its own unique symptoms, there are some commonalities among them. All of these disorders can have a significant impact on the quality of life for both the person who has it and their loved ones.
Treatment for genetic neurological disorders
Each disorder has different treatments that might work better for some children than others. It’s important to talk to your doctor about the best way to treat your child’s disorder. Treatments for neurogenetic disorders are as varied as the symptoms that accompany these conditions. Some treatments include:
- Pediatric genetic counseling
- Medications
- Physical therapy
- Occupational therapy
- Speech pathology
- Learning aids